Algorand is a decentralized network that was built to solve the blockchain trilemma; where developers found three main issues when developing the blockchain network. The purpose of solving the trilemma was to achieve a faster, secure and decentralized blockchain network all at once. Algorand is almost as similar with Ethereum network, but with faster transaction with smaller fees, decentralization, and better security.
Algorand is based on permissionless pure proof-of-stake (PPoS). It uses smart contract called ASC1 that offers an advanced, cost-effective, and scalable solution. The ASC1 smart contracts are executed on-chain in a secure, tamper-proof manner.
ALGO is the native currency of Algorand network, serves as reward for stakers and as transaction fees for transferring assets within the network.